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routing protocol
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... protocol that responds quickly to topology changes, yet involves
small amounts of routing protocol traffic.
...
... protocol headers as they transit the Autonomous
System. OSPF is a dynamic routing protocol. It quickly detects
topological changes in the AS (such as router interface ...
... Interior Gateway Protocol
The routing protocol spoken by the routers belonging to an
Autonomous system ...
... state information associated
with it, which is obtained from the underlying lower level
protocols and the routing protocol itself. An interface to
a network ...
... multi-access network.
This in turn reduces the amount of routing protocol traffic
and the size of the topological database ...
...
OSPF is a link state routing protocol. Such protocols are also
referred to in the literature as SPF-based or distributed-
...
... Perlman].
These modifications dealt with increasing the fault tolerance of
the routing protocol through, among other things, adding a
checksum to the link state advertisements ...
... ISO
IS-IS routing protocol. This protocol is described in [DEC].
The protocol includes methods ...
... examined. This external routing information may originate from
another routing protocol such as EGP, or be statically
...
... routing information
through a combination of static configuration and external
routing protocols. RT6 would then start advertising itself as
an AS boundary ...
... the intra-area distances between the two routers. The routing
protocol traffic that flows along the virtual link ...
... When a router starts, it first initializes the routing protocol data
structures. The router then waits for indications from the lower-
...
... routers should become adjacent.
Adjacencies control the distribution of routing protocol packets.
Routing protocol packets are sent and received only on adjacencies.
...
... Adjacencies control the distribution of routing protocol packets.
Routing protocol packets are sent and received only on adjacencies.
In particular, distribution of topological database updates proceeds
...
... Routing protocol packets ...
... IP TOS
field set to 0. If at all possible, routing protocol packets
should be given preference over regular IP data traffic ...
... destinations external to the Autonomous
System, that have been gained either through direct experience
with another routing protocol (such as EGP), or through
configuration information ...
... Designated Router. The
Designated Router performs two main functions for the routing
protocol:
o The Designated Router ...
... routers if they are adjacent. The
graph of adjacencies describes the flow of routing protocol
packets, and in particular Link State Update ...
...
This section discusses the general processing of OSPF routing
protocol packets. It is very important that the router topological
databases ...
... router topological
databases remain synchronized. For this reason, routing protocol
packets should get preferential treatment over ordinary data
packets, both in sending and receiving ...
... receiving.
Routing protocol packets are sent along adjacencies only (with the
+---+ +---+
...
...
exception of Hello packets, which are used to discover the
adjacencies). This means that all routing protocol packets travel a
single IP hop, except those sent over virtual links ...
... virtual links.
All routing protocol packets begin with a standard header. The
sections below give the details on how to fill in and verify this
...
...
When a router sends a routing protocol packet, it fills in the
fields of the standard OSPF packet header ...
... interface can be considered to belong to the area that
contains the attached network. All routing protocol packets
originated by the router over this interface ...
... interface. This appears as
the IP source address in all routing protocol packets originated
over this interface. Interfaces ...
... Area ID of the area to which the attached network belongs.
All routing protocol packets originating from the interface are
labelled with this Area ID ...
... OSPF header when
originating routing protocol packets, and there could be a
separate password for each network ...
... (9) An external route gained through direct experience with an
external routing protocol (like EGP) changes. This will
cause an AS boundary ...
... advertisement for each external route that it has learned,
either through another routing protocol (such as EGP), or
through configuration information ...
... neighbors is bidirectional, and that each of the neighbors has a functioning routing protocol layer. ...
... Digital Equipment Corporation, "Information processing systems -- Data communications -- Intermediate System to Intermediate System Intra- Domain Routing Protocol", October 1987. ...
... destination may vary based on TOS. However, all OSPF routing
protocol packets are sent using the normal service TOS value of
...
... RFC1349].
o Routing protocol packets are sent with IP precedence set to
Internetwork Control. OSPF protocol ...
... OSPF, the source and
destination of a routing protocol packet are the two ends of an
(potential) adjacency.
...
... an inability for adjacencies to form between them, with a
resulting hindrance to the flow of routing protocol and data
traffic. The following items must be configured for an area:
...
... network. The
smaller the HelloInterval, the faster topological changes
will be detected, but more OSPF routing protocol traffic
will ensue. Sample value for a X.25 ...
... the OSPF header when originating routing protocol packets.
There could be a separate password for each network ...