2. IPoXML

   This protocol MUST be implemented to be compliant with this RFC.
   IPoXML is the root protocol REQUIRED for effective use of TCPoXML
   (section 3.) and higher-level application protocols.

   The DTD for this document type can be found in section 7.1.

   The routing of IPoXML can be easily implemented on hosts with an XML
   parser, as the regular structure lends itself handily to parsing and
   validation of the document/datagram and then processing the
   destination address, TTL, and checksum before sending it on to its
   next-hop.

   The reformulation of IPv4 was chosen over IPv6 [RFC2460] due to the
   wider deployment of IPv4 and the fact that implementing IPv6 as XML
   would have exceeded the 1500 byte Ethernet MTU.

   All BLOAT implementations MUST use - and specify - the UTF-8 encoding
   of RFC 2279(-> 3629std63) [RFC2279].  All BLOAT document/datagrams MUST be well-
   formed and include the XMLDecl.

2.1. IP Description

   A number of items have changed (for the better) from the original IP
   specification.  Bit-masks, where present have been converted into
   human-readable values.  IP addresses are listed in their dotted-
   decimal notation [RFC1123].  Length and checksum values are present
   as decimal integers.

   To calculate the length and checksum fields of the IP element, a
   canonicalized form of the element MUST be used.  The canonical form
   SHALL have no whitespace (including newline characters) between
   elements and only one space character between attributes.  There
   SHALL NOT be a space following the last attribute in an element.

   An iterative method SHOULD be used to calculate checksums, as the
   length field will vary based on the size of the checksum.

   The payload element bears special attention.  Due to the character
   set restrictions of XML, the payload of IP datagrams (which MAY
   contain arbitrary data) MUST be encoded for transport. This RFC
   REQUIRES the contents of the payload to be encoded in the base-64
   encoding of RFC 2045draft [RFC2045], but removes the requirement that the
   encoded output MUST be wrapped on 76-character lines.

2.2. Example Datagram

   The following is an example IPoXML datagram with an empty payload:

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <!DOCTYPE ip PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD BLOAT 1.0 IP//EN" "bloat.dtd">
   <ip>
   <header length="474">
   <version value="4"/>
   <tos precedence="Routine" delay="Normal" throughput="Normal"
        relibility="Normal" reserved="0"/>
   <total.length value="461"/>
   <id value="1"/>
   <flags reserved="0" df="dont" mf="last"/>
   <offset value="0"/>
   <ttl value="255"/>
   <protocol value="6"/>
   <checksum value="8707"/>
   <source address="10.0.0.22"/>
   <destination address="10.0.0.1"/>
   <options>
   <end copied="0" class="0" number="0"/>
   </options>
   <padding pad="0"/>
   </header>
   <payload>
   </payload>
   </ip>