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CE router
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... customers. This method uses a "peer model", in which the customers'
edge routers (CE routers) send their routes to the Service Provider's
edge routers ...
... overlapping address space. The PE routers distribute, to the CE
routers in a particular VPN, the routes from other the CE routers in
...
... PE routers distribute, to the CE
routers in a particular VPN, the routes from other the CE routers in
that VPN. The CE routers ...
... CE routers in
that VPN. The CE routers do not peer with each other, hence there is
no "overlay" visible to the VPN's routing algorithm ...
... PE routers would then
be the CE devices, or "CE routers". However, there is nothing to
prevent a non-routing host ...
... PE(s) to
which it is attached, but it is NOT a routing peer of CE routers at
other sites. Routers at different sites do not directly exchange
...
... line is the preferred way of communicating between the two locations,
then the two locations can be regarded as a single site, even if each
location has its own CE router. (This notion of "site" is
topological, rather than geographical. If the leased line goes down,
or otherwise ceases to be the preferred route ...
... PE router the
set of address prefixes that are reachable at the CE router's
site. When RIP is configured in the CE ...
... ensure that address prefixes from other sites (i.e., address
prefixes learned by the CE router from the PE router) are never
advertised to the PE ...
... PE router that is
an OSPF peer of a CE router appears, to the CE router, to be an
area 0 router ...
... an OSPF peer of a CE router appears, to the CE router, to be an
area 0 router. If a PE router ...
... information needed to enable the route to be distributed to
other CE routers in the VPN in the proper type of OSPF Link
...
... 4. The PE and CE routers may be BGP peers, and the CE router may
use BGP (in particular, EBGP ...
... PE router the set of
address prefixes that are at the CE router's site. (This
technique can be used in stub VPNs or transit VPNs ...
... called a "carrier's carrier". In this case, the best way to
provide the VPN is to have the CE routers support MPLS, and to
use the technique described in Section 9.
...
... "carrier's carrier", using essentially the same methods described in
this document. However, it is necessary in these cases that the CE
routers support MPLS. In particular:
...
... MPLS. In particular:
- The CE routers should distribute to the PE routers ONLY those
routes that are internal to the VPN ...
... VPN.
- The CE routers should support MPLS, in that they should be able
to receive labels from the PE routers ...
...
- The PE routers should distribute, to the CE routers, labels for
the routes they distribute to the CE routers.
...
... PE routers should distribute, to the CE routers, labels for
the routes they distribute to the CE routers.
The PE ...
... VPN site support MPLS, then it is no longer
required that the CE routers know all the external routes. All that
is required is that the external routes be known to whatever routers
...
...
internal route that a CE router distributes to a PE router, it must
also distribute a label.
...
... AS. Each PE will
treat the other as if it were a CE router. That is, the PEs
associate each such sub-interface ...
... specific routes.
This technique would only be available if none of the CE
routers is distributing a default route.
...
... interface connecting
a PE router and a CE router be a "numbered" interface. If it is a
numbered interface ...
... Service Provider will likely have a network management system that
needs to be able to communicate with the CE router. In this case,
the addresses assigned to the sub-interface ...
... VRFs that are associated
with interfaces to CE routers that are managed by the SP. The
addresses ...
... SP. The
addresses of the CE routers will be exported to the VRF associated
with the network management system ...
... CE and network management
system, but does not allow any undesired communication to or among
the CE routers.
One way to ensure that the proper route ...
... T1 and T2. If a particular VRF
interface attaches to a CE router that is managed by the SP, then
that VRF ...
... IP source address of any tunneled packet that it receives.
In the case where a number of CE routers attach to a PE router via a
LAN ...