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Internet Protocol
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The Internet Protocol is designed for use in interconnected systems of
packet-switched computer communication networks. Such a system has
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... networks. Such a system has
been called a "catenet" [1]. The internet protocol provides for
transmitting blocks of data called datagrams ...
... hosts identified by
fixed length addresses. The internet protocol also provides for
fragmentation and reassembly of long datagrams ...
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The internet protocol is specifically limited in scope to provide the
functions necessary to deliver a package of bits (an internet ...
... services commonly
found in host-to-host protocols. The internet protocol can capitalize
on the services of its supporting networks ...
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The internet protocol does not provide a reliable communication
facility. There are no acknowledgments either end-to-end or
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... Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP) [3] which is implemented in the internet protocol
module.
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The following diagram illustrates the place of the internet protocol
in the protocol hierarchy:
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... | | |
+--------------------------+----+
| Internet Protocol & ICMP |
+--------------------------+----+
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The function or purpose of Internet Protocol is to move datagrams
through an interconnected set of networks ...
... interpretation of an internet address. Thus, one important mechanism
of the internet protocol is the internet address.
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... datagram. To overcome this difficulty, a
fragmentation mechanism is provided in the internet protocol.
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... address indicates where it is. A
route indicates how to get there. The internet protocol deals
primarily with addresses. It is the task of higher level (i.e.,
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... Fragmentation, transmission and reassembly across a local network
which is invisible to the internet protocol module is called
intranet fragmentation ...
... fragment a long internet datagram, an internet protocol module
(for example, in a gateway), creates ...
... fragments of an internet datagram, an internet
protocol module (for example at a destination host) combines
internet ...
...
+-------------------------------+
| Internet Protocol & ICMP & GGP|
+-------------------------------+
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... gateways, with reassembly taking place
at the destination internet protocol module in the destination host.
Of course, fragmentation ...
... gateways of a network is also
allowed since this is transparent to the internet protocols and the
higher-level protocols. This transparent type of fragmentation and
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... bit errors are
acceptable while retransmission delays are not. If the internet
protocol enforced data correctness such applications could not be
supported.
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... gateway program) will be called the "user" since it
is using the internet module. Since internet protocol is a datagram
protocol, there is minimal memory or state ...
... state maintained between datagram
transmissions, and each call on the internet protocol module by the
user supplies all information necessary for the IP to perform the
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... The following two example calls satisfy the requirements for the user
to internet protocol module communication ("=>" means returns):
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... datagram, it executes the SEND call supplying
all the arguments. The internet protocol module, on receiving this
call, checks the arguments and prepares and sends the message. If the
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When a datagram arrives at the internet protocol module from the local
network, either there is a pending RECV call from the user addressed
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Internet Protocol
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... The user of the internet protocol. This may be a higher level
protocol module, an application program, or a gateway program. ...